Communication Style Case Study Essay

Communication style is the method used to deliver our messages to others. Its outcome is affected by the style chosen by the individual to relay our message. The different styles are passive, assertive, aggressive, passive-aggressive. Throughout my experience in healthcare, I have either witness or taken part in different situations that used different styles of communication. There are three specific personal scenarios that come to mind when I think about the different styles of communication. First Personal Scenario During a nursing school hospital rotation I was assigned to follow a registered nurse and witness communication between the nurse and client. The nurse entered the clients room and without a courteous greeting such as good morning or a simple hello stated, â€Å"Mrs. Jones here is your medication.† The client responded, â€Å"I do not want it. All you do all day is give me too much medication.† The nurse replied with a firm tone of voice and eye rolling, â€Å"You have to take it. How do you expect to get better if you do not take your medicine?† Both the nurse and client used aggressive communication. The nurse could prevent the conflict with the client had she initiated an assertive style of communication. To improve the communication the nurse should respond assertively with a moderate voice pitch, a relaxed body stance, acknowledge the clients feelings, and encourage the client to address her concerns (Arnold & Boggs, 2011). Also the nurse should explain why the client is being given the medication to help the client understand the reason. According to Hansten and Jackson (2009), to make communication clear we must explain why we need to take such actions. In this scenario the outcome using an aggressive style will lead to failure to achieve a client focused therapeutic relationship. Instead the client feels that they  cannot trust the nurse and respond aggressively. Trust is an essential component to a therapeutic relationship (Arnold & Boggs, 2011). Had the nurse approached the client with a simple greeting followed by the name of medication and the reason for taking it, perhaps the client would have been more willing to be compliant with the recommended care. Second Personal Sce nario Recently I witness a situation where a nursing assistant was sitting at the nursing station and the nurse was walking by holding medications and a water cup in her hand. The nurse asked the nursing assistant, â€Å"The call light is on in room five and I need to give another client his medications. Would you please see what the client needs.† The nursing assistant crosses her arms and replies, â€Å"I am tired of these lazy nurses. I always have to do everything.† The nurse rolled her eyes and replied, â€Å"Just do your job and do what I asked.† In this situation the nursing assistant responded aggressively. The nurse first used the assertive style then replied using the aggressive style. Instead the nurse should have been consistent with an assertive response. For example she could of replied without rolling her eyes, using a medium voice pitch, abstain from insults, and acknowledge the other persons feelings (Hansten & Jackson, 2009). The other person is more likely to listen if they are not feeling insulted and preventing the conflict from escalating (Hansten & Jackson, 2009). Also, conflict should be addressed and not ignored to resolve it (Arford, 2005). In this situation the poor communication caused a lack of trust and took the focus away from the clients care. This in turn can cause retaliation among peers and jeopardize quality client care. Both conflicting parties are forgetting that their goal is to provide quality client focus care and collaboration is essential to deliver it. Collaboration helps accomplish better outcomes than one person alone (Arford, 2005). Third Personal Scenario I had a personal situation where the doctor ordered for a twenty-four hour urine collection. The procedure involves collecting the urine immediately after the client voids and transferring it to a special container kept on ice, to preserve the urine. I informed my nursing assistant, â€Å"I started a twenty-four hour urine collection in room 5. Can you please make sure to  check frequently for urine in the bedside commode and place it in the collection container.† The nursing assistance replied, â€Å"Ok. I will.† The next time I went into the clients room I noticed the ice where the container is kept had melted. I then replaced the ice and told my nursing assistant, â€Å"I noticed the ice had melted in room five. Please check on the ice levels hourly.† She replied, â€Å"Ok. I will.† It seemed as if every time I checked on the ice levels they had melted. I found myself frustrated and ended replacing the ice myself to get the job done correctly. I reali ze now that my communication with my assistant was non-assertive. My assistant was passive in her response. I failed to assess my assistant’s level of understanding of the procedure and instead I lost trust and became frustrated. Communication should be clear, complete and explain why we need a task done a certain way (Hansten & Jackson, 2009). If I would of taken the extra time to explain the reason why we keep specimens on ice perhaps my assistant would of taken the time to do the task. In return I would have been able to attend to others duties had I been able to trust my assistant. Instead my message was incomplete and my reaction demonstrated a lack of trust toward my assistant. References Arford, P. H. (2005, March/April). Nurse-physician communication: An organizational accountability. Nursing Economics, 23(2), 72-77. Retrieved on March 16, 2014, from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/docview/2369346accountid=458 Arnold, E., & Boggs, K. U. (2011). Interpersonal relationships: Professional communication skills for nurses (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier/Saunders. Hansten, R. I., & Jackson, M. (2009). Clinical delegation skills: A handbook for professional practice (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.

Vasilauskas Callie Unit

At first England is referred to as, ‘This other Eden, deem-paradise/ This fortress built by nature for herself' (2. 1, p. 677-720, 41-44). Gaunt compared the garden of England to the Garden of Eden, Gods Garden! Soon that image is destroyed with descriptions of England defeating itself, much like pests and rodents destroying a garden from the inside out. Referencing both the Garden Of Eden and the internal destruction of the garden, it is obvious that this speech is more than just rambling about flowers and bugs.Describing England as much more than just place to live while also commenting how it is those that live in England that will destroy it is much more religious than some might think. While in the Duke of Works garden, it becomes evident who the â€Å"pests† of the garden really are. King Richard and his merry men are the parasites that are destroying the Garden of England. â€Å"When our sea walled garden, the whole land is full of weeds/ Her fairest flowers chok ed up, her fruit trees all unpinned/ Her hedges ruined, her knots disordered and her wholesome herbs swarming with caterpillars (3. , p. 1836-1919, 40-46). In the same scene on lines 51-65, it is made clear that it is the king that has not trimmed and dressed his land. While he does not directly come out and say the word, â€Å"garden†, Blinkered speaks of the, â€Å"Caterpillars of the commonwealth/ Which have sworn to weed out and pluck away† (2. 3, p. 1277-1 357, 166-167). We know, of course, that Blinkered is speaking of the Kings advisors, Bushy, Bogota, and Green. Talking about the pests of the garden that are destroying it is a very important part of the play.Knowing who is letting weeds flourish in the Arden makes it easier to get the plants in a row. In regards to the gardens in the play, feel that Shakespeare was writing on more of a religious front than anything. Using the Garden of Eden as a way to describe England was my first tip off. The beauty, bliss, a nd purity that we all know of the Garden of Eden made it easy to picture England as a beautiful garden. Once the ugliness and betrayal made an appearance, Adam and Eve and their betrayal to God came to mind. While they could not resist temptation, King Richard could not resist either.He became greedy and money hungry with the desire of land and power. This led to the internal failure of the garden since the main â€Å"gardener† was failing at his duties. Religion was a major undertone in The Tragedy of King Richard II, and when I realized this I finally noticed how wonderful the writing of Shakespeare truly is. Once you get past the different style of writing, it is easy to admire the beauty within the play. It is clear why John of Jaunts speech about the garden is one of the most famous speeches of the play.

The Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Constitution - Essay Example On this note, Attorney General Janet Reno requested the Supreme Court to review the decision on Fourth Circuit in Reno v. Condon. (Axelrod 158). According to Axelrod, Condon claimed that the act implicated states sovereignty which granted the state all the powers even those not specified in the constitution (211). Condon also claimed that enforcement of the act would be enjoying the nation and its administrators. He therefore concluded the act to be contrary to the federalism principles of power delegation, between states and federal government as stated in the constitution. Reno court on the other hand found Driver’s Privacy Protection Act to be a general law of applicability. Generally applicable laws are laws that apply to both the state and private companies. Reno court concluded that, it was constitutional for the congress to regulate the states’ activities where a generally applicable law was involved. If initially Condon had successfully won in Reno v. Condon, there would be both social and political repercussions. Socially, crime levels would increase in the society in case information such as home address or social security number falls in the wrong hands. For example, a woman whose data had been disclosed by the state to another state but ended in hand of a stalker was murdered. Exposure of personal details would also result to segregation among the individuals on the bases of financial level, race or even education levels. Politically, the politicians may use the information for their own advantage by identifying the weakness of the states at individual level eventually leading to manipulation. The other state may with time have enough data from the subject state to investigate the economic power of the state and end up taking advantage of the situation (Axelrod 245) Likewise, the Supreme Court ruled that Driver’s Privacy Protection Act was constitutional and it did not violate federalism principles under the

Making Of A Quagmire by David Halberstam Assignment

Making Of A Quagmire by David Halberstam - Assignment Example First off, David Halberstam is well inclined to raise the theme of public mismatch and ignorance of the right news which came to be the major conflict between the US government and the press. In a democratic society, the agenda-driven news let the rest of the public fall into the pit of fallacies. Thus, the problem cannot be solved. Halberstam tells about that fact in a simple manner, namely: â€Å"The split between the American press and the American mission was very much the product of our country’s traditional freedoms and attitudes† (7). Hence, the political schemes and intentions of the officials go far beyond of the American people’s expectations for peace and unity. To be plain, the nation of Americans has many to do with the internal and external social and economic problems. However, the war feeds the American economy and gives pit more potential in dictating the democratic values worldwide. Halberstam notes the wrongfulness of the American mission in identifying the nature of things within a definite country, in his case it is all about Vietnam, of course. Thus, he states that the Government was dealing â€Å"with its own shrewd people, who knew more about the Government than it knew about them† (Halberstam and Singal 119)†¦ That is to say, the mismatch is allegedly absorbs the process of decision-making among the American officials so high at provoking conflicts in the Middle East and other parts of the world. As a result, innocent lives get lost in a bloody opposition between the command from Washington and the resistance to kill from the side of ordinary soldiers. Different cultures, religions and ways of living life cannot be just changed through the military expansion. A more rational solution should take place in the world of information sound-minded objectivity. American troops are to be pulled from Afghanistan for that simple reason that, historically, this

SKL 3A1 Business Study Skills Case Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SKL 3A1 Business Skills - Case Study Example The Report is written by (Your NAME) for the purpose of evaluation of Samsung’s strategy and provide recommendations for further improvement in its strategy. The report is intended to be used by the business Analyst, John Deen for information purposes only. This report is issued on November 16, 2013 and is valid only for the purpose described. 2. Procedures This report is based on secondary research and contains information from books, news articles, online journals and websites. The claims are supported with the sources used. 3. Findings Samsung is no longer a small player in the business environment. Samsung has earned its name in the biggest players of the electronics industry over a period of time. However, the recent boom signals some clear and clever strategic moves by the company. Samsung is competing by providing a wider range of products than its competitors. Samsung is a South Korean multinational corporation with its head office in Seoul. Lee Byun-Chul laid the foun dation of Samsung in 1938 (Peng, 2012). The company moved towards the electronic industry in the late 1960s and after Lee Byung-Chul passed away, the company was divided into groups including CJ Group, Hansol Group, Shinsegae Group and Samsung Group. Samsung group flourished and is still growing its profits steadily since 1990. Despite the success stories of Samsung, the credibility of Samsung’s strategy in the long run is questionable. Is Samsung taking too much risk to avail first-movers advantage or does it have a clearly defined and thoroughly designed strategy for investing in newer technologies to capture, increase and retain its market share? 3.1 Samsung’s Strategy Samsung uses a multidimensional competitive strategy with differentiation and rapid response strategies as the core of its success in the business industry. Samsung is more likely to create and introduce newer technologies and innovative products in minimal possible time. The products of Samsung under different categories are quickly designed and produced with an effective supply chain management to support the success of its products. The company is continuously investing in the unique product offerings (Nisen 2013). 3.2 Response Strategy Samsung has a clearly defined and well thought strategy working underneath the operations that are carried out regularly. Samsung’s note is a living example of how Samsung identifies and accommodates customer’s needs and expectations in its offerings. The Research and Development department of Samsung takes the lead in understanding customer demands and competitors’ current and future acts. The company, in an attempt to deliver differentiation along with a rapid response to the customers’ need for having a drawing and hand-writing feature in their smart phones, merged the characteristics of a phone and a tablet and introduced Samsung Note which was highly applauded and accepted. The R & D department found out the ne ed of Asians to have such a device to support their needs with ease. Samsung is spending a lot on Research and Development area. It has been identified that it is spending 5.7 percent of its revenues on R&D which is 3.3% higher than Apple. This clearly shows Samsung’s aggressive attempt to innovate and avail the first movers’ advantage. 3.3 Differentiation Strategy The distinct product

Psychological influences learning Problem Essay

Psychological influences learning Problem - Essay Example 3.1 Impress upon the participants the fact that a non-smoker or someone who has successfully quit is enviable from perspective of being stably in better physical condition as well as possessing a stronger will power and being free from the dependence over nicotine. 3.2 A rounding up of the motivational segment of the program with a reference to the costliness of the habit highlighting the amount of money that a non-smoker saves over a smoker simply by not being one. 4.2 No restrictions on the number of smokes but participants have to wrap up their cigarette packs with a white sheet of paper on which they shall write down the time of the smoke and degree of enjoyment they have of it, each time they light up. It is imperative that the pack is wrapped up after the smoke and the participants carry pencils with them to ensure they don’t fail this. 5.1 From hereon the participants shall be restricted from smoking at least within 15 minutes following consumption of any food or drink barring water. Everyday they will be made to read out the posters and each session will begin and end with the participants swearing they will quit on the set date. 5.2 Participants will be asked to read out from their respective wrappers. They will be made to note how the degree of enjoyment varies from very high to very low for different smokes during the day implying some of these can be readily stopped. 6.2 The participants will be asked to refute the urge for 10 minutes and during this time they shall be told to take a look at the jar of stubs and smell its scent. The jar is to be looked upon as one containing very harmful worms. 9.1 Participants are told to have one last final smoke at their chosen time of the day and to commit to themselves to it being the last smoke of their lives. Point out quitting will not be a problem but prepare participants for the withdrawal stage 9.2 participants are to start saving each dollar that was to be spent

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE OFFICE MARKET IN FRANCE AND GERMANY Essay

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE OFFICE MARKET IN FRANCE AND GERMANY - Essay Example The latest realty boom period started around the last financial quarter of year 2002. The technology bubble bust of the late 90’s had passed and the rippling effect of the terrorist incident of September 11, 2009 had waned. Both these issues that were negatively weighing down on economies worldwide had somewhat moved to the background. That is when people started taking an advantage of the then financial boom and invested heavily into the real estate market, both residential and commercial. And that is when huge banks with their billion dollar profits started lending to sub-prime realty market to maximize their profits during the financial boom time. The financial turmoil or the bubble burst in commercial realty sector; especially the ‘office market’, has been substantial. Europe saw its first ever GDP decline for two consecutive quarters. The largest of the European economies of France and Germany were also not spared the onslaught. France has a stable government system, clear tax policy, low corruption and a prolific cultural tradition. All these elements offer investors a great opportunity to invest at a time when French real estate is depressed not because of its inherent financial strength but because of a global financial turmoil. Commercial real estate in France is in a period of significant re-pricing. France offers ‘office space’ options mainly in and around Paris, the greater Lyon region and the Bordeaux region. The rates in regions other than Paris offer competitive choices to investors who are planning to invest in office space at these emerging locations, which are better priced and offer a great investment opportunity. Paris Region covers 12,000 km ² and claims to be Europes biggest commercial real estate offer, much more ahead of London for office space and having almost 49 million m ² of office space. Office market trends in the Paris region vary for different districts (Paris region,

Economics coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics coursework - Essay Example Interpretive method is used to understand the meaning of the given information that was assigned to the researchers. Critical research as the name implies concentrates more on the critical view of the subject. It highlights the critical viewpoint of the situation that has to be analysed. Feasibility study is an important phase in the development process. It enables the developer to have an assessment of the product being developed. It refers to the feasibility study of the product in terms of outcomes of the product, operational use and technical support required for implementing it. Economic Feasibility: It refers to the benefits or outcomes. We are deriving from the product as compared to the total cost we are spending for developing the product. If the benefits are more or less the same as the older system, then it is not feasible to develop the product. The development of the new product should greatly enhance the accuracy of the system and cuts short the delay in the processing of the product. The errors can be greatly reduced and at the same time providing great level of security. Hence, we do not need any additional equipment except memory of required capacity. Operational Feasibility: It refers to the feasibility of the product to be operational.

Dulce Desserts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dulce Desserts - Essay Example Naturally, as with any business plan, the impetus to start was born partly out of the founders dissatisfaction with her former career, combined with a passion for a new one, combined with the fact that no other firms had suitable product offerings within the range that Juanita Lane wanted to offer. Similarly, one of the trends that helped to launch the boutique bakery was the fact that a growing trend was manifesting itself in and around Nashville, TN at that time. This trend has now spread across the entire country but at the point that Juanita was starting the â€Å"Field to Fork† focus was but a nascent idea. Juanita Lane was able to capitalize on this movement by focusing the ingredient acquisition for her â€Å"made from scratch† recipes on acquiring these ingredients from local suppliers and farmers. Such a unique juxtaposition of consumer taste with product offering has helped Juanita Lane’s fledgling enterprise engage strongly with the community in ways t hat a traditional chain would not be able to accomplish. A further trend that has helped the growth of Juanita Lane is one which has been exhibiting itself all over the United States within the past few years. Due to the fact that such a high degree of emphasis has been placed on healthful foods, there has been a bit of a pushback against such a high level of focus by key elements within the consumer demographic. Due to this, many consumers seek to rebel against the low-MSG, gluttten-free, un-hydrogenated, and no sugar movement that has enjoyed such a high degree of attention. This desire to rebel, to get back to the basics is one of the prime motivators that has helped to spur Juanita Lane’s business model. As she said to the gentlemen that inquired regarding glutten free – â€Å"Sir we only do evil†. In this way, Juanita Lane is able to connect in a powerful way with elements in the community that are far more interested in the fact that she makes her bakery i tems from scratch and with local ingredients than the fact that she is using the latest wheat bran/high fiber recipe. 2. Evaluate the implementation of the concept (e.g., identify and describes how the core values are related to stakeholders; how pricing, product, promotion strategies relate to market opportunity). (25%). Like any intelligent businessperson, the first thing that Juanita Lane considered was the overall product as compared with its pricing in the desired market. In order to get a general understanding for how this should be set, Juanita spent a great deal of time performing a level of reconnaissance in the local community to ascertain what other â€Å"lesser† bakeries were charging for their goods. Although Juanita had a good idea that her products would be well received by the local community and in somewhat of a high demand based on the information provided in above topic 1, understanding the market and the pricing matrix was an integrally important dynamic i n order for the firm to be able to realize a modicum of success to guide it until it was able to become fully profitable. Similarly, by working to leverage the â€Å"core values† of the consumers (i.e. the â€Å"evil deliciousness of her creations), Juanita was able to effectively target an innate need and prevailing consumer demand with respect to her product offering. 3. Evaluate the current status and future plans of the

Self-esteem - motivation Essay Example for Free

Self-esteem motivation Essay Introduction: According to Saint Exupery in The Halo (2006), â€Å"Each man must look to himself to teach him the meaning of life. It is not something discovered: it is something moulded. † The meaning of life has a no specific definition; it depends on how each individual give meaning to their lives. It is a natural thing for an individual to curiously know about their life since their birth till death. Moreover, human beings are also curious to find out why they were put in this earth that is why babies keep touching everything in order to experience all their surroundings from the very beginning (Taylor, 2000). In this essay, the concept of meaning will be significantly analysed. Firstly, by defining the meaning which will secondly be followed by discussing the different types of needs an individual must meet to experience the meaning of life. Thirdly, the types of things that enhance and curb the experience of the meaning of life will be highlighted. Lastly, various practical steps will be described to enhance the experience of the meaning of life. This essay will be intertwined with personal reflections and aspirations that have enhanced the meaning of life for the writer. What is the meaning of ‘meaning’? Subjectivism: According to Eagleton (2007), everyone adds their own meaning to life. The meaning of life is never universal or complex. The meaning of life is very simple and people experience it when they understand the universe, themselves, their identity and their goal in life (Bennet, 2005). Subjectivists state that the meaning differs with individuals’ psychological and mental states and their desires and goals. For example one individual can find meaning of life in music or art while other may find it in attaining goals or in religion (REF). In addition to this, (REF) states that life only becomes meaningful when all the needs and wants are fulfilled and when the individual is content and satisfied with themselves. Super naturalistic views: On the other hand, spiritual beings consider their lives to be consequential and significant when they can reach the pious pathway God has set (REF). The God-centred view points out that the definitive meaning of life is holistically attained. Moreover, an individual will only figure out the meaning of life when they are not attached to the worldly desires (REF). Personal reflection: Personally, the meaning of life for me is constantly being in search for my identity and accomplishing the goals I have set in life. I explore my identity through my art work as it helps me express my feelings and emotions about everything. My art work makes me realize who I am as a person and what people interpret me as a person through my paintings. What types of needs must be met for a person to experience meaning in life? Searching the meaning of life is a motivational force in an individual however; the degree of motivation to which they search the meaning of life differs in all individuals (REF). Despite individuals having different degrees of motivation, there are some needs and conditions that must be met for the individuals to experience the meaning of life. Individuals do not necessarily have to meet the same needs and conditions to experience the meaning of life. Some individuals are inspired by other individuals like great artists, inventors and thinkers, some individuals need sense of belonging, some need to experience certain events to make sense of life while others need to attain autonomy and self efficacy to experience the meaning of life. In short, individuals can discover the meaning of life through social work, experiencing something or someone or reactions towards unavoidable circumstances (REF). For example, an individual who is very emotional needs to experience the need of belonging in order to experience the meaning of life. They need to have many friends and a good relationship with their family in order to satisfy their need of belonging; this helps the individual to live a happy and full life. However, if they do not feel the sense of belonging, they have no hope hence do not have anything to look forward to and see no point of living. Conversely, not all individuals need to meet the need of belonging to experience the meaning of life. Some may have to experience the need of autonomy and self efficacy. These types of individuals usually have certain goals and tasks in life which they believe they can attain thus that would help them experience the meaning of life. For example, an individual whose goal is to become a doctor tries to attain that goal by being a hard worker and devoting all his time to attain their goal. They would experience the meaning of life when they achieve the title of the doctor as it would help them conquer a place in the community and gain some prestige. In addition to this, if an individual fails to attain this need might gain a very low self esteem which would then impact on the choices they makes in life. They would become very dependent on others and would not be able to cope with that leading them to suffer from various health issues. What types of things enhance the experience of meaning in life? The meaning of life can be enhanced by sustaining life, accepting a teaching, giving life or creating wisdom (REF). For example things that would enhance the meaning of life for mothers, doctors and nurses is when they deliver as links in a biological chain by giving life from one generation to the other. Young artists are inspired and enhance their meaning of life when they authorize and respect and accept their teacher’s work (REF). Personally, as an artist, the meaning of life for me is enhanced when I can appreciate the work of different artists and what they are trying to express in their paintings. Art work makes me understand the different feelings individuals go though and how they express it through drawings. It also makes me see different viewpoints of life and experiences people are going through. Despite all individuals having different needs to discover the meaning of life, there are certain things that all individuals require to enhance the meaning of life like: Hope Inspiration Goals High self esteem. What types of things curb the experience of meaning in life? Many individuals curb their experiences of the meaning in life due to: No inspiration or goals and failure: If an individual constantly fails and has no potential and inspiration of achieving his goals may feel ineffective and hopeless. They may start feeling that they have no purpose in life and life is completely meaningless for them. Loss of loved ones: loss of a loved one through death or divorce may affect an individual mentally and emotionally. They may feel the are not loved and do not belong anywhere as their loved one does not exist anymore. The loss brings suffering and misery which makes an individual believe that like if meaningless. Lastly, experiences like these pushes an individual to have a low self esteem and become reserved (REF). Personal Reflection: If individuals are not open, emotionless or afraid to be seen as themselves due to low self esteem cannot enhance their meaning of life and hence would curb this experience. As an artist, my goal is to become an art teacher and help other children to express their feelings through painting if they cannot through words. However, I have a clear goal and always have been inspired by my father to attain this goal. If I had a low self esteem and did not believe in myself, I would have no hope hence that would curb the search of meaning of life as I would feel I am worthless Practical steps to enhance the experience of a meaningful life As mentioned above, many individuals curb their experiences of the meaning in life due to low self esteem, no inspiration, no goals and being reserved. However, they can enhance their experience firstly by accepting and believing in themselves. This would help them make a contribution to life and share their best. According to (REF) self-destructive behaviour can be conquered by increasing self-efficacy and self-esteem. This can be done through counselling so that they can start believing in themselves. Individuals who need the sense of belonging to experience the meaning of life should try and fit in and socialize with people they are close to and have good relationships with them all. Furthermore, individuals who are trying to attain a specific goal should always reward themselves every time they are a step closer towards the goal. This would keep them motivated and not lose hope. Personally, I enhance my experience by acknowledging the great artists and how they are an inspiration to other young artists. Conclusion Finally as mentioned there is no specific meaning of life. All individuals need to meet different types of needs such as the need of belonging, experiencing life threatening incidents, need of autonomy and self efficacy to experience the meaning of life. An individual’s perception, values, needs and feelings centre him and help in organizing the world around him. Feelings help in expressing oneself. If an individual has a great skill in expressing himself, he can change the larger world. Great artists found expressions in their art work which helped them change the world that came after them. The creations around us are the different individuals trying to express themselves and their experiences of the meaning of life. All the inhibitors that we posses such as low self esteem and inner struggles should be resolved to make life more creative and enhance the meaning of life.

Witchcraft And Demonology In Europe

Witchcraft And Demonology In Europe The witch-hunts were one of the most important events in the history of early modern Europe, taking place from the mid-15th century and ending in the mid-18th century. The view of witchcraft evolved throughout the period, with the Canon Episcopi calling the belief in witches a heresy, to Pope Innocent VIII issuing a bull in 1484 to denounce the practice of witchcraft as a heresy all in a span of about 500 years. On the topic of witchcraft, it is unavoidable that the issue of gender would be discussed. The central question of this report would be how historians account for the persecution of more women than men in the witch-hunts in early modern Europe. The report will first outline the stereotype of a witch and discuss how this stereotype was promulgated. It will be concerned with two possible explanations that attempt to account for the persecution of more women than men firstly, how the persecutions may be a results of a misogynistic and patriarchal culture, and secondly, how the hunts may be been a result of the lack of tolerance for social deviance of women. The Stereotype Of A Witch A collection of statistics indicate that a majority of accused witches were women, with most estimates pointing to about 80% of all victims being women (Ross, 1995: 334). Levack (1987: 142) provides a list of statistics indicating that in most regions in Europe, about three-quarters of the accused were women, with the figures being 90% in regions in Poland and England. Very evidently, the predominant notion of a witch is that it is foremost a woman. In discussing the stereotype of a witch it is difficult not to make reference to the cumulative concept of witchcraft (Levack, 1987: 32-51), which points to certain factors that would help in the identification of a witch. These include a witchs association with the Devil, the pact with the Devil, the Sabbath, nightflying and metamorphosis. Reginald Scot in 1584 described witches as women who were â€Å"commonly old, lame, blearie-eied, pale, fowle, and full of wrinkles, poore, sullen, and superstitious†. This stereotype was promulgated by both genders. Women in early modern Europe were viewed as the weaker gender that was dependent on men in many ways, including for livelihood (Larner, 1984:86). Since the society was heavily patriarchal, women who did not fit in to the mould of a normal woman threatened the idea of females behaving in a particular manner. These women were nonconformists, and therefore put the livelihoods of other women at risk. Hence, they were ostracised by normal women. In behaving in a manner that was different, these women also threatened male domination and therefore had to be condemned by men. Both genders fed the idea that a woman who looked and behaved in a certain manner was a witch, hence allowing the stereotype to persist and spread. In addition, the stereotype of a domestic witch could have been said to be reinforced by a vicious cycle. This is evident in some cases, such as in that of Anna Schwayhofer, who confessed to stealing the Consecrated Host but still bothered to sweep up the crumbs after she had done so (Barry, Hester and Roberts, 1996: 230). The association of witches and broomsticks or distaffs used for spinning also fed the stereotype. Women were mostly restricted to the confines of their allotted spaces, and those practicing harmful magic would most likely be found in those spaces (Blà ©court, 2000: 303). Hence, it was not surprising that witchcraft was associated with the women and their domestic activities. Gendered Witchcraft And Misogyny The elite perception of women pointed to how they tended to be intellectually weaker than men, yet have more insatiable sexual appetites and a higher tendency to pursue the occult, a view propounded by 16th century friar Martin de Castaà ±ega and in the Malleus itself by Kramer and Sprenger. Hence, historical literature tended to point towards how women were the more inferior of the two genders, and therefore had the larger propensity to be driven towards becoming a witch. Without a doubt, the society in Europe at that point of time was one that was highly patriarchal in nature (Hufton, 1983, 125-141). While the society was essentially patriarchal in nature, there are arguments as to whether this can be extended to be characterised as being misogynistic. Anderson and Gordon (1978) point to the innate inferiority that women possessed in the eyes of the Roman Catholic Church, the dominant religious authority in that time, saying that the Church saw women as more â€Å"amenable to the allures of Satan† (Anderson and Gordon, 1978: 174). The paper also highlights the role of the Malleus Maleficarum (1486), that was anti-feminist and very popular, reprinting fourteen editions. The Malleus essentially highlights women as creatures possessing insatiable lust, yet not having the strength of mind to counter the temptations of the Devil. However, statistics also show that women were not the only ones who were victims of the witch-hunts. In several regions, men were the ones who were heavily persecuted instead. Regions such as Finland show a relatively even number of male and female persecutions, while in areas such as Normandy and Iceland, the number of accused male witches far exceeded the number of female ones. This clearly shows that if there had been a culture of misogyny, it was not uniformed throughout Europe. Monter (1964: 563) points out that the stereotypical witch in the French province of Normandy was not a poor, old woman, but a shepherd who may be a youth or an old man. Similarly, in Iceland, only 8% of all the accused witches were women (Levack, 1987: 142). The analysis and discussion of these statistics seem to point to the fact that there were differences in societal perspectives towards women and the differences in questioning techniques (Monter, 1964: 588). Monter (1964: 589) suggests that women wer e treated with leniency during the trial, and some were kept in prison alive for interrogation, even while the men were being executed. The reasons behind why men were more persecuted in some societies and women in others are unclear, but most historians point to the fact that it was impossible to pinpoint a particular reason in every society why this was so. Much of the reasons behind the gender imbalances must be attributed to the culture and views of the society itself, but what can be certain is that the witch-hunt was not strictly gender-specific. Without a doubt, a society that places emphasis on patriarchal values cannot be dismissed as misogynistic simply based on statistics alone. At this point it is relevant to note that there were differences between the elite and peasant conceptions of witchcraft, and this extended to the persecution of women. For the peasantry, the persecution of witches was less of the pact with the Devil and more of practical concerns such as the failure of crops or the death of livestock (Laurence, 1995: 216-218). Similarly, with the persecution of women, the concerns circled around the fact that babies and young children were being â€Å"victims† of maleficia, rather than the witch being a Devil-worshipper per se. Unsurprisingly, therefore, a large number of women who were accused of being witches were the lying-in maids for more privileged families, who looked after the newborns and had direct contact with them, as in the case of Anna Ebeler of Augsburg (Roper, 1991: 19). Roper (1991: 23) also points to how this may be a result of the association of femineity and maternity. Normal women were able to have children, yet witches w ere unable to, leading to a sense of envy that bred the feeling of hatred towards mothers and their babies. Strands Of Deviance One of the central themes occurring in the witch-hunts would have to be the fact that the society in early modern Europe had very little tolerance for those who were different from them. Jews and homosexuals were persecuted, and the society was predominantly peasant, poor and part of the Roman Catholic Church. Those who were different were frowned upon. Women generally married and had children at a young age, were uneducated and viewed as weak. Their primary purpose was to be subservient to their husbands and serve their families, keeping the household. This view of women can be contrasted to the stereotype of a witch, as mentioned above. Being old and unmarried, as well as being socially isolated, these alleged witches were evidently different from the general conception of a woman in society. Larner (1981:92) puts forward the idea that witches were persecuted not because they were women, but because they were â€Å"non-women† who did not fit into the societal view of a woman. While a typical woman was maternal, witches were unable to have children; where typical women stayed home at nights, witches flew to remote locations to join Sabbaths. This fit in with the elite conceptions that the reality in which witches lived in was essentially one that was an anti-society. Blà ©court (2000: 300) explains that God was a â€Å"guardian of social norms†, while the Devil was just the very opposite. These â€Å"non-women† were persecuted for disobeying the social norms, and some historians even argue that women accused other women of being witches because they felt threatened by an individual who did not conform to the male image of them (Larner, 1981: 102). The role of the Roman Church was also not to be ignored in the reinforcement of this stereotype. Women ha d an increased likelihood to practice love magic as compared to men (Blà ©court, 2000: 303), and since only priests of the Church could legally practice magic, they were more likely to be persecuted as a result. Remote Possibilities While the possible presence of a repressive patriarchy or a societal aversion to deviant behaviour have often been cited as the reasons behind the gender imbalance during the witch-hunts, there are a few other remote possibilities that will be mentioned in the passing. Scully (1995: 857-858) points to how Venetian witches could choose witchcraft as a career option as opposed to being married or forced into prostitution, and this could be an escape from a possibly malevolent life, thereby proving to be a popular alternative for women in the region at that time. In his paper, Goodare (1991: 291-292) argues that economic factors could have been one of the reasons for the witch-hunts. Since the people had fallen upon hard times, those dependent upon charity handouts were hostile to others who were their competition and these were mainly women. Another article by Ross (Ross, 1995: 333-337) draws an interesting correlation between the outbreak of syphilis in the 16th century and the perse cution of more women than men. He posits that women, being the symbols of fertility, could be shunned due to syphilis as they would be spreading the venereal disease. Further, much of the witchs behaviour, he says, could be attributed to the madness that is a symptom of the disease. While fascinating, these observations by historians seem to be unique suggestions that do not appear in the literature as main causes for the increased persecution of women. Conclusion To conclude, this report has outlined the stereotype of a witch and what perpetrated this stereotype throughout early modern Europe. It seems persuasive to argue that although there was a strong patriarchal society in those days, this culture did not amount to being misogynistic in nature. The stereotype of the witch that emerge during this period and that was adopted by most modern historians emphasise a few features of witches that generally seem to be a result of the lack of tolerance for social deviant behaviour, and simply reinforced time and again in a vicious cycle. The trend points to the fact that there are a variety of factors that resulted in more women being persecuted than men. Often, this phenomenon can only be attributed to the differences in the various societies in Europe, and the culture of the region or country. Ultimately, it can be concluded that a combination of factors led to more women being persecuted than men. References Anderson, Alan and Gordan, Raymond. 1978. ‘Witchcraft and the Status of Women The Case of England. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 29, No. 2: 171-184. Barry, Jonathan, Hester, Marianne and Roberts, Gareth. 1999. Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe: Studies in Culture and Belief (Past and Present Publications). Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. de Blà ©court, Willem. 2000. ‘The Making of a Female Witch. Gender and History, Vol. 12, No. 2: 125-141. Goodare, Julian. 1998. ‘Women and the Witch-Hunt in Scotland. Social History, Vol. 23, No. 3: 288-308. Hufton, Olwen. 1983. ‘Women in History. Early Modern Europe. Past Present, No. 101: 125-141. Larner Christina. 1981. Enemies of God: The Witch-Hunt in Scotland. London: Chatto Windus. Larner, Christina. 1984. Witchcraft and Religion: The Politics of Popular Belief. New York: Basil Blackwell. Laurence, Anne. 1995. Women in Engliand, 1500-1760, A Social History. London: Weidenfeld Nicolson Illustrated. Levack, Brian. 1987. The Witch-hunt in Early Modern Europe. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. Monter, Williams. 1997. ‘Toads and Eucharists: The Male Witches of Normandy, 1564-1660. French Historical Studies, Vol. 20, No. 4: 563-595. Ross, Eric B. 1995. ‘Syphilis, Misogyny, and Witchcraft in 16th-Century Europe. Current Anthropology, Vol. 36, No. 2: 333-337. Sawyer, Ronald C. 1989. ‘Strangely Handled in All Her Lyms: Witchcraft and Healing in Jacobean England. Journal of Social History, Vol. 22, No. 3: 461-485. Scully, Sally. 1995. ‘Marriage or a Career?: Witchcraft as an Alternative in Seventeenth-Century Venice. Journal of Social History, Vol. 28, No. 4: 857-876. Primary sources: Darst, David H. 1979. ‘Witchcraft in Spain: the Testimony of Martin de Castaà ±egas Treatise on Superstition and Witchcraft (1529). Kramer, Heinrich and Sprenger James. 1484. Malleus Maleficarum. Accessed 6 October 2009. Available at http://www.malleusmaleficarum.org/. Scot, Reginald. 1584. The Discoverie of Witchcraft. Retrieved from Early English Books Online. The practice of harmful magic

My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Teaching Careers Teachers Essays

My Philosophy of Education There are all different kinds of students and each of them deserve the chance at a fulfilling education that improves their self - esteem and self - efficiency in the world. Every child deserves a teacher that is fair and understanding of the different ability levels of each student in their classroom. This is my philosophy of education. In preparing to become a teacher who truly tries to understand the vast differences between children, I want to address the nature of students, the nature of knowledge, the purposes of public education, the methods of teaching, and the curriculum area that I am studying. First, I believe Rousseau?s theory of people being born with a blank slate. Children are not good or bad by nature. They are brought up in different households by different groups of people. I have noticed in my observing that there are shy children, rambunctious, leaders, followers, those who do neither they just play by themselves, the ones that talk all the time and those who only speak when they are called upon. These characteristics are not determined always at birth they are learned behavior. Some children are not allowed to talk at home unless they are spoken to, and you can tell when a child does not get much attention at home because they crave your attention in school. But, above all, children want to learn. When children enter elementary school, most of them are so open and creative, and these students need a teacher who will use that openness to keep that child interested in school. Secondly, the nature of knowledge. I believe that knowledge is relative and absolute. There are some people who can learn from experience and others that need to learn from memorization. I be... ...mentary school. And finally, I would have never passed literature in high school or college without learning what character, setting, and plot were in elementary school. The basics have never really changed since the beginning of public education and the time of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Teaching is probably the most important field a person could ever go into. I hope that I am a teacher who will not only benefit the overall education of the students who come into my classroom and make them better students, but that I will benefit and learn from each one of those students so that I can become a better person and teacher. With all the different types of students in the world, there is not one way to teach. I hope that I can learn to adapt myself to meet the educational needs of every student. If I did not do that, what kind of a teacher would I be?

An essay on alduous huxley :: essays research papers

An essay on Alduous Huxley The subject of Alduous Huxley is a controversial issue. At one stage or another, every man woman or child will be faced with the issue of Alduous Huxley. While it has been acknowledged that it has an important part to play in the development of man, there are just not enough blues songs written about Alduous Huxley. Inevitably Alduous Huxley is often misunderstood by the upper echelons of progressive service sector organisations, who just don't like that sort of thing. Keeping all of this in mind, in this essay I will examine the major issues. Social Factors Society is a simple word with a very complex definition. When blues legend 'Bare Foot D' remarked 'awooooh eeee only my dawg understands me' [1] he was clearly refering to the impact of Alduous Huxley on today's society. Much has been said about the influence of the media on Alduous Huxley. Observers claim it cleary plays a significant role amongst the developing middle classes. Our post-literate society, more than ever before, relies upon Alduous Huxley. It grows stonger every day. Economic Factors We no longer live in a world which barters 'I'll give you three cows for that hat, it’s lovely.' Our existance is a generation which cries 'Hat - $20.' We will study the Spanish-Armada model, a lovely model. Transport Costs Alduous Huxley Clearly the graphs demonstrates a strong correlation. Why is this? My personal view is that transport costs sings a very different tune. Perhaps to coin a phrase Alduous Huxleyeconomics will be the buzz word of the century Political Factors No man is an island, but what of politics? Comparing current political thought with that held just ten years ago is like comparing night and day. Consider this, spoken at the tender age of 14 by the famous political Achilles Shandy 'Man's greatest enemy is complacency with regards to personal and political hygiene.' [2] Considered by many to be one of the 'Founding Fathers' of Alduous Huxley, his words cannot be over-looked. If I may be as bold as to paraphrase, he was saying that 'political ideals are built on the solid cornerstone of Alduous Huxley.' Is Alduous Huxley politically correct, in every sense? An essay on alduous huxley :: essays research papers An essay on Alduous Huxley The subject of Alduous Huxley is a controversial issue. At one stage or another, every man woman or child will be faced with the issue of Alduous Huxley. While it has been acknowledged that it has an important part to play in the development of man, there are just not enough blues songs written about Alduous Huxley. Inevitably Alduous Huxley is often misunderstood by the upper echelons of progressive service sector organisations, who just don't like that sort of thing. Keeping all of this in mind, in this essay I will examine the major issues. Social Factors Society is a simple word with a very complex definition. When blues legend 'Bare Foot D' remarked 'awooooh eeee only my dawg understands me' [1] he was clearly refering to the impact of Alduous Huxley on today's society. Much has been said about the influence of the media on Alduous Huxley. Observers claim it cleary plays a significant role amongst the developing middle classes. Our post-literate society, more than ever before, relies upon Alduous Huxley. It grows stonger every day. Economic Factors We no longer live in a world which barters 'I'll give you three cows for that hat, it’s lovely.' Our existance is a generation which cries 'Hat - $20.' We will study the Spanish-Armada model, a lovely model. Transport Costs Alduous Huxley Clearly the graphs demonstrates a strong correlation. Why is this? My personal view is that transport costs sings a very different tune. Perhaps to coin a phrase Alduous Huxleyeconomics will be the buzz word of the century Political Factors No man is an island, but what of politics? Comparing current political thought with that held just ten years ago is like comparing night and day. Consider this, spoken at the tender age of 14 by the famous political Achilles Shandy 'Man's greatest enemy is complacency with regards to personal and political hygiene.' [2] Considered by many to be one of the 'Founding Fathers' of Alduous Huxley, his words cannot be over-looked. If I may be as bold as to paraphrase, he was saying that 'political ideals are built on the solid cornerstone of Alduous Huxley.' Is Alduous Huxley politically correct, in every sense?

Essay --

diamalkan pada hari ini, masyarakat Islam sebenarnya masih tidak dapat lari daripada menjadi mangsa urusniaga berteraskan riba. Ini adalah kerana dasar ekonomi global adalah dimonopoli oleh kaum bukan Islam. Inilah cabaran yang telah mewujudkan jurang yang ketara dari segi ekonomi di antara komuniti di dalam Tamadun Islam berbanding komuniti lain. Selain itu, faktor sejarah juga telah meletakkan bidang ekonomi sebagai suatu cabaran dialog antara pelbagai tamadun yang terdapat di Malaysia pada hari ini. Kesan daripada penjajahan British di Tanah Melayu telah mewujudkan perbezaan sektor ekonomi antara kaum. Penjajah British melalui Sistem Kangany telah membawa masuk buruh dari India Selatan bermula pada tahun 1890 sehingga 1938. Mereka telah ditempatkan untuk bekerja di ladang-ladang getah. Sementara itu, menjelang tahun 1820-an, buruh-buruh Cina pula telah di bawa masuk ke tanah Melayu. Mereka ditempatkan di lombong-lombong bijih timah. Oleh kerana sikap gigih dan sanggup bersusah payah untuk maju, kaum Cina telah berjaya membeli dan menguasai sebahagian besar lombong-lombong biji...

René Descartes Essay

Philosophy begins as an art of wondering. This art of wondering, leads man into asking a number of questions about himself and the world around him. Variations in philosophical thoughts as result questions posed by man, help in modification of philosophy. The purpose of this essay therefore, is to do a comparative analysis of Sophie’s World by Josteen Gaarder with three philosophical texts: George Berkeley’s Treatise on Human Knowledge, John Locke’s Essay on Human Understanding and Rene Descartes’ Passions of the Soul. We shall also show the roles of authors and texts in Philosophy. TREATISE ON HUMAN KNOWLEDGE VERSUS SOPHIE’S WORLD One of the outstanding efforts of Berkeley in this work was to show that the world exists as it does because of the ideas perceived by the mind of God and as such, existence of things depends on their perception through the senses. Likewise in Sophie’s World, Aristotle through his belief showed a similarity with Berkeley’s stance in this text Treatise of Human Understanding. For Aristotle, highest degree of reality is what we perceive with our senses. Berkeley also said that existence is the state of being perceived by a perceiver, but on the contrary, Descartes in Sophie’s World believed that he exists because he thinks. It furthermore means that his existence depends on his ability to think. He used such words like cogito ergo sum (latin) and je pense, donc je suis (French) all meaning `I think therefore I am` to illuminate his thesis on this. Plato while stressing the sovereignty of reason in Sophie’s World said that the reason can only give us the true reality of things and as such contradicted the empiricist approach of Berkeley. ESSAY ON HUMAN UNDERSTANDING VERSUS SOPHIE’S WORLD John Locke illuminated in this work that idea is derived from experience of sensation or reflection, just like it reflected in Sophie’s World in which his fellow empiricists likewise stressed the inevitability of experience as the source of true knowledge. David Hume in particular established that man has two types of perceptions, namely: impressions and ideas. By `impressions` he means the external sensations of reality. By `ideas` he means the recollections of such impressions. Aristotle the trail blazer of empiricism, in alignment with the empiricists believed our reason to be completely empty until we have sensed something. John Locke in this book made an attempt to refute the notion of `innate ideas` by proving that it does not exist, whereas in Sophie’s World, philosopher like Plato believed in an innate idea, an external world of ideas outside of the natural world. Descartes even believed that the idea of God is innate. PASSIONS OF THE SOUL VERSUS SOPHIE’S WORLD Descartes defined passions of the soul as a mental state or thought that arises as a direct result of brain activity and such passions can move us to action. He also suggested that one needs to learn to control one’s passions, for they can move one to perform vicious acts. Benedict Spinosa in Sophie’s World, suggested that we must free ourselves from our feelings and passions only then shall we find happiness. Conversely, also in Sophie’s World, the Epicureans through the teachings of Aristippus believed that the aim of life is to attain the highest possible pleasure or passions and by so doing, they contradict Descartes belief. AN EYE ON THE ROLES OF AUTHORS AND TEXTS IN PHILOSOPHY Authors in philosophy play incredible roles in modification of philosophy through their texts. There various attempts to answer the underlying questions of nature and man have led to the developments of dialectical methods like thesis, antithesis and synthesis used in philosophy today. An eye on the three authors and philosophers: Descartes, Berkeley and Locke whose works where compared with Sophie’s World above showed the vital role they played in philosophy. While Descartes was a rationalist, Berkeley and Locke were empiricists, but through their texts, they contributed in `epistemology` or theory of knowledge. CONCLUSION Having done these comparisons, we can see the successful deduction of similarities and differences between the Sophie’s World and three aforementioned philosophical texts. I attest that Sophie’s World is necessary philosophical paraphernalia needed by a neophyte in Philosophy as seen from its versatility in the course of this comparison done, and also how it covered aspects of history of Philosophy in such a sublime manner. POPE JOHN PAUL II MAJOR SEMINARY OKPUNO, AWKA NAME: UMENABA BENJAMIN C COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY COURSE CODE: PHIL 101 REG NO: PJPS/NAU/013/O69 LECTURER: REV. FR DR. AUGUSTINE OBUROTA TOPIC: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOPHIE’S WORLD WITH THREE PHILOSOPHY TEXTS WITH AN EYE ON ROLES OF AUTHORS AND TEXTS IN PHILOSOPHY DATE: 28TH NOVEMBER, 2012 OUTLINES INTRODUCTION TREATISE ON HUMAN KNOWLEDGE VERSUS SOPHIE’S WORLD ESSAY ON HUMAN UNDERSTANDING VERSUS SOPHIE’S WORLD PASSIONS OF THE SOUL VERSUS SOPHIE’S WORLD AN EYE ON THE ROLES OF AUTHORS AND TEXTS IN PHILOSOPHY CONCLUSION.

A True Hero

Anonymous Prof. Smith 2 October 2011 A True Hero Soaring through fiery infernos, slaying dragons, rescuing the damsel in distress; heroes are stereotypically viewed as those who go through a heart-pounding adventure to save the love of their life. However, this does not always have to be the case, especially in real life. Although some may disagree, Gilgamesh is a hero is his own right because of his bravery, perseverance and loyalty. Just as Gilgamesh has these attributes of a hero, I believe my Grandfather contains these attributes too. My Grandfather, who is my mother’s father, went through a lot in his life to illustrate how he obtained my reverence towards him and why I believe he is a modern-day hero. Bravery is the key component that all heroes share. Without bravery, those defined as heroes would have been unable to overcome obstacles or take chances in their path of life. Determined to prove himself as the mightiest being, Gilgamesh showed his bravery by slaying Humbaba. While my grandfather failed to slay any massive beasts, he confirmed his bravery through other means. My grandfather first stunned me with his bravery when he shared his stories of being in the Navy. This is really impressive to me because I would never have the guts or strength to be able to handle the Navy and serve our country at the risk of sacrificing my life. Both Gilgamesh and my grandfather showed their bravery because they were able to stare death in the eye, and survive. It is also necessary that heroes maintain the ability to persevere or else heroes would be non-existent. Perseverance is the driving force that motivates heroes to keep going even in the face of adversity. If heroes lost perseverance, their journey would end when an obstacle blocked their path. It is a true hero who stands up in the face of adversity and continues to push forward to the finish line. Gilgamesh showed his perseverance after Enkidu died. Faced with adversity, Gilgamesh never took no for an answer as he searched for the key to immortality. Just as Gilgamesh showed perseverance, so too has my grandfather. My grandfather is an avid businessman and has been faced with many obstacles. In business, high risk equals high reward, but high risk can also induce high failure. My grandfather has always told me â€Å"Failures define who you are† because it tests your character. Throughout his career he has faced failure, understood how it felt to own nothing through bankruptcy, but he has never given up. His perseverance through failure made him stronger and led him the successes he was able to obtain. No matter the obstacle, Gilgamesh and my grandfather persevered through difficult times, never gave up, and came out on top. Finally, loyalty is another important trait heroes share. Loyalty is the fundamental reason as to why many heroes are brave and persevere. Whether it is loyalty to a loved one, family, a friend, or even their city, loyalty keeps heroes persevering and motivated. For Gilgamesh, Enkidu was his loyal companion. Their loyalty towards each other was un-measureable and their friendship was unbreakable. When Enkidu passed away, Enkidu inspired Gilgamesh to journey for immortality. My grandfather’s loyalty was persistent throughout his life towards my grandmother, his kids, and even his grandchildren. From the time he met my grandmother he was always completely loyal to her. Through good times and bad they were always at each other’s side. When he had kids it was the same way and even today he shows his loyalty to his grandkids by attending their sporting events or just being there for support. Bravery, perseverance, loyalty: three key components to be recognized as a hero. Each trait plays off the other, but a true hero exemplifies all three. While soaring though fiery infernos, slaying dragons, and rescuing the damsel in distress may be exciting, becoming a hero isn’t as difficult as fairytales make it seem. To be a true hero, ultimately all that is required is a strong and courageous heart, a never-give-up mentality, and faithfulness to all those important in your life. Acquiring these attributes is easy to do and make you a hero in anyone’s eyes, even if it’s just your grandson’s.

What did the people of the Upper Paleolithic period eat and how did they obtain this food?

Throughout Africa, the Middle West, Asia, the Americas, and Australia, complicated and elaborate technologies and other cultural decorative artifacts are found in abundance (Scupin, 2008). This is known as the Upper Paleolithic period, which dated between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago. This was the earliest era of human development and transformation of the entire human species from apelike to true Homo sapiens. During this period, the development of specialized tools, weapons, engraving, sculptures, and cave painting were formed.This evolution was the longest and it spread over three consecutive periods. The key development that came out of this period, were the creation of tools and weapons, which were made of stone, wood and bone. Upper Paleolithic hunter-gatherers lived in areas that was rich of resources and consumed a significant amount of meat. Today’s technology reveals that early modern Homo sapiens were clever and excellent hunters. Not only did they make tools, but th ey developed weapons with long, narrow blades (known as harpoons) used for hunting. They became great spear throwers with good accuracy.The weapons helped the Upper Paleolithic protect themselves as well as help from any harm during their hunting trips. Vast amount of animal bones, both large and small, were found at the bottom of high cliffs. This indicated that hunters not only used their weapon to kill, but use their weapons as aid by stampeding the animals off the cliffs. This would allow other hunters to wait and butcher the dead animals at the bottom of the cliff. Upper Paleolithic people also gathered fish, shellfish, leafy vegetables, fruit, insects, and plants to supplement their food resources.Plants were probably used for both nutritional and medicinal purposes (Scupin, 2008). Having other resources, other than hunting, enable Paleolithic foragers to have enough food without expanding excessive amount of energy. In conclusion, the Upper Paleolithic was characterized by hi gher intake of meat and lower intake of other resources. They developed their own tools and weapons, made of stone, wood and bone, which made them excellent hunters. They obtain their food through their use of weapons and strategic planning and took advantage of the area resources.

Personal Statement: M.A. in Graphic Design Communication Essay

I believe I am more than qualified to be considered for admission in the school’s Masters in Graphic Design Communication program as I possess the needed knowledge, skills, experience, and most of all, attitude, which would allow me to become successful in the field. I graduated with a bachelor’s degree in Graph Design Communication and received my M. A. certificate in Marketing in 2008. Basically, I consider these as two of the most important accomplishments in my life as they have enabled me to fully utilize my skills and made me grow as an artist. I consider Graphic Design Communication as my bread and butter because it allows me freely express my inner feelings and thoughts and in the process, showcase my talents. I have always been the type of person who has always shown the willingness to express myself and I believe that the best way to do so is through the various activities I perform in my course. I also find little difficulty in adapting to the challenges presented to me because I have always shown superb creativity and confidence in everything that I do. As a student in Graphic Design Communication, I can honestly say that I performed very well and showed that I deserve to be in that course. I always ensured that I prioritize my education above anything else because I know that it will serve as an important foundation for my future. I developed good study habits while at the same time allocating enough time for my family and other activities that fostered my growth as a person. I was also very active in extracurricular activities in school, particularly those that involved the arts because I realized that as a student and a budding artist, I cannot learn everything in the classroom and I must seek other sources of knowledge and information. I consider those extracurricular activities as an excellent ground for me to hone my skills and talents which I would no doubt be able to put into good use in the future. On the other hand, my experience in the field of marketing has allowed me to incorporate my skills in graphic design communication in the advertising and selling of products and goods. The field also helped me further develop myself as an artist and provided me with a renewed sense of creativity. However, I believe that what sets me apart from the others is my enthusiasm in the field of graphic design communication and the arts in general. I have always had the passion for art and design and I constantly update myself with latest information and trends in the field. I am basically the type of person who constantly seeks to learn new things and lessons as this would contribute to my over-all growth. Furthermore, I am also the type of person who has high standards in most aspects of my life. In school, I always made sure that I maintained good grades. As an artist, I constantly review and assess my work because I want to ensure that my finished product or piece is of the highest quality. In other words, throughout my entire life, I have never settled for mediocrity nor have I ever accepted results that are below standards. This attitude of mine generally enabled me to become a person who constantly seeks self-improvement. Most of all, I believe I would carry this attitude with me as I seek higher education. In short, my array of skills and talents, my vast knowledge, my positive attitude towards life, and most of all, my passion for my course would not doubt enable me to make an impact on the field of Graphics Design Communication. If I am fortunate and blessed enough to accepted, I would utilize all my skills and work very hard so that in the future, I can become a versatile, well-rounded, and highly competent professional in my field.

Impressionism and Naturalism by Robert Herbert Essay

Impressionism and Naturalism by Robert Herbert - Essay Example Manet, according to Herbert was a different sort of flaneur. He was obtuse in reproducing the flaneur's experience of destruction, transformation, and desolation because he was an active observer. His work The Street Singer (1862) and The Balloon (1862) were examples of the artist's silent commentary in the upheaval of the city and its people (Herbert 36). He exemplified realism through artifice and caricature. Flaneurs were keen in capturing the moment of life in its pure form which was why later works offered glimpses of contemporary urban life not through detailed oil paints but caricatures speedily drawn and executed as in Manet's Rue Mosnier Decorated with Flags and Degas's Martelli. Flaneurs, therefore, were inventors and responsible for innovation in art during the 19th century. Flaneurs were also investigators of history for they were keen observers of urban life, noting spectators, daily occupations, behaviors, professions, and intimate and domestic life of that time. Degas's Women on a Cafe Terrace, Evening and Manet's Railroad which the artists investigated to the extent of scientific naturalism could be said to denote this aspect of flaneurs. Flaneurs were also observers of domestic manners. Their detachment from the public and private arena offered them the advantage of narrating emotions and feelings without romantic interference. This could be observed in Cassatt's Cup of Tea (1880) and Morisot's Interior both depicted the artist's detachment yet interactivity with domestic life.

Ethical theory and bio ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical theory and bio ethics - Essay Example Kantian ethics revolve around Kant’s principle of Categorical Imperative. Two major formulations of this principle are: formula of the universal law, and formula of the end in itself. I think that Kantian ethics are not flexible, and are based on duty rather than consequences. They become a problem in situations where compassion and empathy has to be preferred over duty. Greek ethics before Socrates focused on ethike arà ªte in carrying out a responsibility efficiently. Ethike arà ªte presented role-defined ethics, and formed the basis for many ethical principles. However, Socrates changed this perception, asserting that there have to be distinctive ethike arà ªte for every individual. I feel this change was important to shift from a broader sense of ethical characteristics to a narrow one. For example, Greek ethics before Socrates tended to ask, â€Å"What are the good traits of a physician?’ Socrates changed this to a narrow sense as, â€Å"What are the good traits of a person who seeks to be a

The Historical and Socio-political Context on the Poor Essay

The Historical and Socio-political Context on the Poor - Essay Example It is within this wider perspective that this essay analyses child welfare services in the UK, particularly in Wales. The essay begins by providing a brief overview of the historical influences, ideological framework, and organisation and delivery of child welfare services in the UK. It afterwards presents an overview of the nature and level of child poverty in the region and a comprehensive analysis of the efforts of the UK government and the Welsh Assembly Government to address the problem. Since the beginning of the welfare state, concern for child poverty by consecutive UK administrations has varied. Even though rates of child poverty in the earlier period were comparatively low in comparison to the current period, issues were raised with regard to whether the Beveridge approach—health care services are provided and funded through taxes, also called ‘socialised medicine model’—was sufficient to safeguard children from economic instability (Walker, 1999, p. 155). In the 1980s and 1990s, the rates of child poverty increased dramatically, manifesting high rates of unemployment and instability in international economy. Much expectation and optimism arose during the introduction of the UK Labour Government in 1997. Former Prime Minister Tony Blair backed up this expectation in 1999 in his speech (Waldfogel, 2010, p. 34): â€Å"Our historic aim will be for ours to be the first generation to end child poverty†. National objectives were eventually formulated. There was a programme to cut down the rate of poverty by 2005 and to eliminate child poverty completely by 2020 (Bevan Foundation, 2010, p. 30). In the meantime, in Wales, there was general advocacy or this motivation and determination to address child poverty. The former Minister for Children reconfirmed the stance of the Welsh Assembly Government in 2004:

Orgaanizational Culture and Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Orgaanizational Culture and Values - Essay Example The values of an organization and those of the nurse hugely impact on patient care in any health care setting. Nurse’s values are supposed to be guided by professionalism or nursing professional ethics while those of the health care facility should be guided by organizational ethics. It is, therefore, clear that a nurse if only able to perform professionally if the organization has offered an environment to facilitate such performance (Hall, Doran and Pink, 2008). Nurse’s values can also be attributed to their personality which impacts on how a nurse delivers patient care. Organizational culture also tells a lot about its values and when this culture conflicts with the nurse’s professionalism, patient outcome is negatively affected. For example, many health care institutions currently grapple with limited resources including human resource. When the management policy dictates that a single nurse addresses many patients, this hampers on patient outcomes because of minimized attention. Organization values also affect the levels of motivation among nurses because these values foster a particular environment which can either lower of increase motivation levels (Park and Kim, 2009). Therefore, environmental context coupled with nurse’s behaviors bring about distinct levels of motivation. The aggregate situation resulting in the blending of nurse’s values and those of the organization hugely affect patient outcome either positively or negatively as explained above. According to Vandome and McVey (2012) effective communication is an essential ingredient for organizational success. Communication in an organization is either internal or external in nature. Internal communication is primarily between and among the management and the employees while external is between the organization and the outside world or external stakeholders like customers. Workplace challenges are easily overcome through effective

Socially Desirable Merit Goods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Socially Desirable Merit Goods - Essay Example This report declares that the private sector primarily operates under the dynamics of the free market system. Many individuals in the society would miss enjoying the benefits of merit goods if left to the private sector because they would appropriate a high price for the good or service, limiting the individuals who can have access to the good. Therefore, many people would be unwilling to access the merit goods at a high cost. The inaccessibility would lead to underproduction of the good, and ultimately leading to underutilization of the good or service. In most cases, government institutions are tasked with handling the provision of merit goods. This paper makes a conclusion that education is usually considered a merit good, and especially the basic education from early childhood to the university or college. An educated society results in reduced cases of hard crime, increased productivity, higher rates of employment and a growing economy because of direct input of high-quality labour. An educated society also translates into strong governmental and non-governmental institutions and interests from foreign companies who would thrive with good quality employment. The government would also benefit directly from increased tax collection from employed individuals. The present secondary education system in the UK is an improvement of an older system that allotted students at the age of 11 years to either of the three school types through performance and selection examinations.

Health and Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health and Safety - Essay Example Its main provisions are: To provide and sustain as far as is, feasible for workers a working environment that is safer and with no risks to health. In this feature, â€Å"feasible† means doing what can be achieved in terms of: the cruelty of risk or hazard in question; the suitability and availability of ways to mitigate or remove that risk; and the state of knowledge about the given risk and any techniques of mitigating the hazards. Another feature of the Occupational Health and Safety Act is that it sets out a framework to build procedures and policies in which a health and safety board is established. The board formulates, disseminates, and reviews the rules, standards, and procedures to employees associated to safety and healthy that are to be complied or carried out at the workplace. The above regulations are relevant in the World Federation of Engineering Organization (WFEO) because this organization has set a working environment that is geared to the advancement of the engineering profession. The engineers therefore are made aware of procedures, rules and policies of the firm. Since its mission is to create a professional team that helps in disaster reduction through the transfer and exchange of technology from one nation to another, the regulations are vital in ensuring that the technologies are transferred safely with special consideration to the health of the workforce. He or she gives expert skills and knowledge to create and promote a positive health and safety attitudes. This represents a major role in assisting to control work-related risk. They work in collaboration with employees, employers, trade unions, and directors (Murray & Dainty, 2013). The Health and Safety advisor is responsible for making sure that all legislations related to safety are adhered to and practices and policies are adopted. They are also

The english housel development Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The english housel development - Article Example the beauty and design have to be concordant to each other in such a way that the scheme may explore the needful appearance of the concept in theory1. The relation between Hitchcock and Pugin is that Hitchcock is a critic of building design and he finds Pugin to follow such dimension in his work. The narratives of Pugin are very sensitive in terms of explaining the true sense of functionalism. Such narratives have proven as effective context of understanding design process of functionalism beauty in structures, it is significant to note that the Hitchcock address beholds instruments and the changing circumstances which have conveyed the eligibility of process designing. The criticism that has been put forward by Pugin in his address of functionalism as a process of design critic does not just enhance the limitations and shortcomings but it rather takes a constructive approach to discuss this area of design and aesthetics. On the other hand, Shaw has been critically acclaimed by Muthesius with the usage of sculpture examples in the address. This is fairly different from the approach of Hitchcock who takes a case study approach to solve such aspects2. Thus, it can be said that my personal viewpoint considers the assessment and critical claim of Hitchcock to Pugin’s desi gn is appropriate and worth it as mentioned, â€Å" It is proper to remark that the cluster of pinnacles at A are not carried up for mere ornament, pinnacle at the point of

Domestic Manners Essay Example for Free

Domestic Manners Essay A very interesting and attention-grabbing book â€Å"Domestic Manners of the Americans† by Fanny Trollope can not leave even one indifferent. It reveals new and unexpected facts and startling specifics of American nature that gives a new glance over American people. Though this is not-to-the-minute book it may be found rather relevant today. It may be read for unlimited times and every time it for sure to gave some new ideas about American character and temperament, it offers better understanding and suggests reasonable explanation to deeds and behavior of American nation. Many subjects and events from American life are touched upon in numerous chapters of this book, mocking main traits of inhabitants of the United States. Sometimes with ridiculous seriousness author describes occurrences and things she fad the chance to experience or see. For example I’d like to touch upon the chapter 20, where the author focused her attention on the state of Washington. Not even the minute fact out of the reach of the satiric eye of writer, nevertheless everything described was described with much dignity. First of all the author tries to disperse reader’s attention depicting the brilliancy of nature and luminosity of American cities. But as for their inhabitants she is not so admirable, the writer see them as real gentlemen (for too few ladies are in the streets) occupied by strolling and looking well. â€Å"Instead of drays you see handsome carriages; and instead of the busy bustling hustle of men, shuffling on to a sale of dry goods or prime broad stuffs, you see very well-dressed personages lounging leisurely up and down Pennsylvania Avenue†. And at first, it is nothing to do with accusation. â€Å"The total absence of all sights, sounds, or smells of commerce, adds greatly to the charm†. But their favorite recreation of all these gentleman (â€Å"†¦ who must be presumed to be the elite of the entire body of citizens, both in respect to talent and education, it cannot fail to make Washington a more agreeable abode than any other city in the Union†), this amusement is gambling, that is really carried to a very considerable extent, however here as elsewhere within the country it is kept exceptionally out of sight. In spite any failings on good American people we can witness the fertility of their mind and the patent office is a curious record of it. But unfortunately about one in a thousand inventions had been really brought into use. â€Å"The purity of the American character, formed and founded on the purity of the American government, was made evident by the display of all the offerings of esteem and regard which had been presented by various sovereigns to the different American ministers who had been sent to their courts†. Well, every nation has to possess anything to be proud of. And along with this proud the writer points that not once heard the statements which represent Americans as â€Å"treacherous and false almost beyond belief in their intercourse with the unhappy Indians†. Though we do not have enough evidence for such declarations but it is â€Å"impossible for any mind of common honesty not to be revolted by the contradictions in their principles and practice†. A little bit confirmation to the last statement we may find in author’s words â€Å"Americans stand against the governments of Europe, because they favor the powerful and oppress the weak. At the same time getting forget about their attitude to the Indians. American people are fighters for universe freedom and democracy, you may hear it discussed in every drawing-room, roared out in taverns and even from the pulpit, â€Å"listen to it, and then look at them at home; you will see them with one hand hoisting the cap of liberty, and with the other flogging their slaves†. Again we may trace the inconsistency of their nature â€Å"you will see them one hour lecturing their mob on the indefeasible rights of man, and the next driving from their homes the children of the soil, whom they have bound themselves to protect by the most solemn treaties†. More useful and couching facts the author received visiting American debates. â€Å"The privilege of attending these debates would be more valuable could the speakers be better heard from the gallery†. It was mortifying to see marvelous hall â€Å"fitted up in so stately and sumptuous a manner† that was filled with men who were sitting in the most inappropriate manner, a large majority of them with their hats on, and nearly all of them were spitting to an excess that decorum and decency forbids one to describe it. Though there were still left few among the crowd that were distinguished by not wearing their hats and â€Å"by sitting on their chairs like other human beings, without throwing their legs above their heads†. Orators’ eloquence extremely amused the writer and was admitted to be the hoarse like and it required literacy. In fact â€Å"if America, in her vastness, her immense natural resources, and her remote grandeur, would be less Imitative, she would be infinitely more picturesque†. The lack of decorum wasn’t very uncommon with American ladies. It wasn’t very abnormal at Washington for a lady to take the arm of a gentleman, who was neither her husband, her father, nor her brother. All this freedoms so unusual for any decent society seem to disdain restraints of civilized world. For example visiting American theatre the author saw â€Å"one man in the pit was seized with a violent fit of vomiting, which appeared not in the least to annoy or surprise his neighbors†. What to say about strict manners in the street. One more curious and somehow annoying universal habit of chewing tobacco of almost all male population of this country gives this remarkable peculiarity to the American countenance. As a result we perceive for how veiled and obscure the nature of a nation can be. We may also claim that numerous appalling and sometimes even shocking traits are still can be vividly marked out while speaking with modern American people. It’s amazing how much in common true Americans have with their described ancestors. The little lesson from all this that one can not judge a foreigner at once, it would be better to throw a glance at the history of his nation.

Cat In The Rain Essay Example for Free

Cat In The Rain Essay From the literary analysis I wrote, I want my readers to be able to read and understand the special relationship of the husband and wife in Ernest Hemmingway’s â€Å"Cat in the Rain.† Some critics believed that the cat representing the American wife’s desire for a child. From the first time we read Hemingway’s short story, I immediately jumped to conclusions such as the couple did not really like each other or maybe they just had a barrier in the relationship. I discovered from other critics online and through other members of the class, that I was not the only one who thought so. It was not very difficult to write the second paragraph of this paper. Many parts of the story and pieces from the articles had lots to say about the American wife and her barrier from her husban d. The paragraph about George was more difficult for me because for most of the story, he remained in the room reading throughout the story. By writing an annotation and a literary analysis over the same Hemingway story helped me to see the differences between them and how to critically analyze literature. I did struggle with quoting and referencing the articles that I drew information from, but I felt like I did my best on the writing portion of the paper. I didn’t learn much quite as much in my Comp 1 class, but I have been able to take and learn a lot from this class. Literature and writing essays has never been my strong area, but I have been able to appreciate learning what we have so far!

Film Studies Essays Film or Book

Film Studies Essays Film or Book Which is better the film or the book? The debate over the superiority of literature over film or vice versa seems to rear its head every time a major piece of literary work is adapted. Even unbridled success stories such as Peter Jackson’s Lord of the Rings trilogy have dissident voices unhappy with his changes and omissions. However changes and omissions are absolutely necessary when adapting hundreds of pages of prose into a couple of hours of film. This essay will look at how narrative is adapted and retold in two films; Mrs Dalloway (Marleen Gorris, 1997) and The Color Purple. (Steven Spielberg, 1985) Mrs Dalloway is not a conventionally narrated novel. Over the course of a day it follows the eponymous protagonist through her preparations to host a party and how the unexpected arrival of am old suitor makes her reminisce about her youth.   At the same time we see how Mrs Dalloway and her associates lives intersect with that of a shell-shocked solider. What is produced is a type of mosaic narrative, which is then left for the reader to interpret and discern meaning. In the beginning of the film as she walks about London on her way to collect the flowers for her party we are allowed to view moments of her youth in flashback. These flashbacks are generally triggered by something in the present. For example a meeting with Hugh reminds her of how Peter Walsh ‘never to this day forgiven her for liking him.’ (Woolf, p 8) These are transitioned in and out of aurally, as she hears voices of people she knew in her head and the visual waits a beat before transitioning back as well. This replicates the mosaic narrative style of the book. There is however one major difference between the beginning of the book and the beginning of the film. The character of Septimus (Rupert Graves) is much more quickly established as a major character within the film. In the book he is introduced as a car backfires and he is shocked rigid by it although no immediate reason is given why. Over the course of the novel we learn more about his experiences at war and the lasting effect upon him. Mrs Dalloway and Septimus never meet in the novel, yet we are led to discern they are connected thematically through the mosaic narrative. The Film version of Mrs Dalloway opens with a brief sequence of Septimus (Rupert Graves) in the trenches of world war one.   The shot is thick with smoke and is filmed in slow motion to give the sense of a dream sequence although the title Italy 1918 suggests that this is a flashback. The camera slowly zooms into Septimus face singling him out as the protagonist of this sequence. We see his reaction to a friend being blown up by an explosion and as he sinks into despair the smoke fills the screen fading it to white and softening focus. This soft white backdrop then becomes the drapes in the bedroom of Mrs. Dalloway (Vanessa Redgrave).  Ã‚      These two environments could not be more different; however the transition is not jarring or unsettling; we are taken from the horror trenches into the gentile and elegant world of a Whitehall socialite with the greatest of ease. The transition leaves the viewer with the impression that the two people’s lives are somehow connected, but perhaps is not as subtle and gently persuasive as the book. The Color Purple tells the story of a young black woman in the Deep South. It is about the oppression and abuse she suffers in a racist sexist world and the bonds of friendship she finds with other women. The climactic emotional moment of the novel is the sequence ion which Celia tells her husband that she is leaving him and moving to Memphis. The dialogue form the scene in the film is taken almost word for word from the book. It is a moment of great personal emancipation for Celia, and a moment of fantastic performance from the unusually restrained Whoopi Goldberg. She has been abused and sub-serviant all her life and she finally has enough sense of self worth to speak up load and powerfully. â€Å"You’re a lowdown dog is what’s wrong, I say. It’s time to leave you and enter into the creation.† (Walker, p180) First of all the scene is set in Mr.____’s (Danny Glover) House as opposed to Harpo’s (Willard Pugh) in the book; this is significant because it has been Celia’s prison for several years; a place where she has been continuously abused. This adds extra dramatic tension to the scene and focuses it on Celia. However this does to some extent detract from the arcs of the other characters such as Squeak (Rea Dawn Chong) and Sofia. (Oprah Winfrey) In the novel there are continuous references to Squeak being Harpo’s mistress and mother of his child. This is less prominent in the film and as such leaves Squeaks departure with much less dramatic weight. Also the film omits the visit of Eleanor Jane and reference to Sofia’s probation. In the novel Sofia is denied her emancipation by the legalities she is still embroiled with, the film instead reinstates Sofia as a dominant force at the dinner table. What is clear from this scene is that although as the stories protagonist Celia’s narrative arc has remained intact, omissions have had to have been made on behalf of other characters within the novel due to the narrative constraints of time. Film can strive to imitate the stylistic form of literature successfully as in the case of Mrs Dalloway or unsuccessfully as in the case of The Bonfire of the Vanities (De Palma, 1990) In certain cases such as The Godfather (Coppola 1972) and Jaws (Spielberg 1975) the film adaptation can surpass the source material. Although argument other which form is better may be mere sound and fury; direct comparison of the two different narrative forms can lead to a better understanding of narration itself. Bibliography Bordwell and Thompson. (2001) Film Art: An Introduction, New York: McGraw Hill. Kawin, B (1992) How Movies Work, London: University of California press. Thompson, K (1999) Storytelling in the New Hollywood: Understanding classical Narrative Technique. London: Harvard Walker, A (2004) The Color Prurple, London: Pheonix. Woolf, V (1996) Mrs Dalloway, London: Penguin popular classics. Filmography Bonfire of the Vanities (Dir Brian De Palma, 1990, US) Color Purple, The (Dir Steven Spielberg, 1985 US) Godfather, The (Dir Francis Ford Coppola, 1972, US) Jaws (Dir Steven Spielberg, 1975, US) Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, The (Dir Peter Jackson, 2002, US, New Zealand, Germany) Mrs. Dalloway (Dir Marleen Gorris, 1997, UK)

The Ibo Way Of Life :: essays research papers

Things Fall Apart, a novel by African native Chinua Achebe, introduces an unusual culture to the reader. He shares a strange new way of life not customary to popular beliefs. Through a detailed description of the Ibo culture such as role, political ideologies and unique rituals, Achebe shows humanity in a different perspective.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ibo culture is a completely male dominated tribe. By being a successful warrior and farmer, men gain respect and high titles. Unfortunately, women do not have those opportunities and are considered more as property than human beings. In the first chapter, we meet Okonkwo, a highly respected leader. He has three wives who share only him as a husband. When a woman is old enough to marry, her family must approve the suitor, and then she is purchased with cowries and other livestock. The woman’s duties after marriage is to stay at home to cook, clean and raise the children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As seen by roles each play in this tribe, it is obvious that the Ibo’s political ideologies are purely masculine and violently led. Villages will sacrifice other members of their village when a debt is owed, not knowing what is to become of them. In Ikemefuma’s case, he is sacrificed to the Umuofia tribe and is to live there for three years. When his three years are through with, he is violently murdered as ordered by the village elders. The boy stayed in Okonkwo’s Obi and learned to call him father. Okonkwo still took part in his violent murder. Other punishments of the tribe are hanging and banishment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most unique things about the Ibo cultures id their superstitions. It is believed that if a woman has two or more miscarriages that her children all share the same spirit. To keep this child from dying, they must find this child’s rock or mutilate the child’s body. Another superstition deals with the kola nut. The kola nut was broken and eaten every meal and was said to bring good life to people.